TYPE 1 DUANE RETRACTION SYNDROME
\tˈa͡ɪp wˈɒn dwˈe͡ɪn ɹɪtɹˈakʃən sˈɪndɹə͡ʊm], \tˈaɪp wˈɒn dwˈeɪn ɹɪtɹˈakʃən sˈɪndɹəʊm], \t_ˈaɪ_p w_ˈɒ_n d_w_ˈeɪ_n ɹ_ɪ_t_ɹ_ˈa_k_ʃ_ə_n s_ˈɪ_n_d_ɹ_əʊ_m]\
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A syndrome characterized by marked limitation of abduction of the eye, variable limitation of adduction and retraction of the globe, and narrowing of the palpebral fissure on attempted adduction. The condition is caused by aberrant innervation of the lateral rectus by fibers of the oculomotor nerve. There are three subtypes: type 1 (associated with loss of abduction), type 2 (associated with loss of adduction), and type 3 (loss of abduction and adduction). Two loci for Duane retraction syndrome have been located, one at chromosome 8q13 (DURS1) and another at chromosome 2q31 (DURS2). It is usually caused by congenital hypoplasia of the abducens nerve or nucleus, but may rarely represent an acquired syndrome. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p271; Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p691)
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